北京,，8月16日 – 世界知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)組織中國辦事處（WIPO中國辦事處）與中國音像著作權(quán)協(xié)會(huì)（CAVCA）共同舉辦了人工智能（AI）與音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)版權(quán)問題研討會(huì)。會(huì)議探討了AI所帶來的革命性影響,，如何應(yīng)對(duì)音樂版權(quán)保護(hù)和管理帶來的機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn),。

Beijing, August 16th – The WIPO Office in China (WOC) and the China Audio-Video Copyright Association (CAVCA) jointly organized a seminar focusing on the intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and copyright issues within the music industry. This seminar explored the opportunities and challenges arising from the transformative impact of AI on reshaping music copyright protection and management.

圖：CAVCA | Photo: CAVCA

WIPO中國辦事處主任劉華女士在開幕致辭中強(qiáng)調(diào)了數(shù)字技術(shù),，尤其是生成式人工智能在音樂版權(quán)保護(hù)和管理領(lǐng)域所引發(fā)的開創(chuàng)性潛力。雖然數(shù)字化為音樂創(chuàng)造帶來了新的途徑,，但也由于復(fù)制和傳播變得更加容易,，加劇了有關(guān)版權(quán)保護(hù)和公平權(quán)利分配的擔(dān)憂。此外,，隨著數(shù)據(jù)收集相關(guān)的隱私問題和模型訓(xùn)練引發(fā)的侵權(quán)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等挑戰(zhàn)也逐漸浮現(xiàn),。

Ms. Liu Hua, Director of the WIPO Office in China, emphasized in her opening remarks the groundbreaking potential introduced by digital technology, particularly generative AI, in the fields of music copyright protection and management. While digitization has opened new avenues for musical creativity, it has also heightened concerns about copyright protection and the equitable distribution of rights due to the increased ease of replication and distribution. Furthermore, challenges involving privacy concerns related to data collection and infringement risks associated with model training have come to the forefront.

劉華強(qiáng)調(diào)了WIPO在促進(jìn)關(guān)于AI、數(shù)據(jù)和前沿技術(shù)在知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)管理中應(yīng)用的討論中的積極作用,。特別值得注意的是,，她提到了2022年舉行的第七屆WIPO知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)和前沿技術(shù)對(duì)話會(huì)，重點(diǎn)探討了元宇宙的挑戰(zhàn)和前景,。這次會(huì)議吸引了來自不同國家的大量參與者,。會(huì)議展示了元宇宙在外交領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用實(shí)例；例如,，巴巴多斯利用區(qū)塊鏈技術(shù)在元宇宙中獲取虛擬土地,，建立虛擬大使館和領(lǐng)事館，并提供“電子簽證”等服務(wù),。同樣,，非洲發(fā)起了“生命之水”項(xiàng)目，這是一個(gè)利用發(fā)行水滴NFT來籌集為非洲提供清潔水資源的慈善項(xiàng)目,。會(huì)議也認(rèn)為，將作品上傳到數(shù)字交易平臺(tái)并將其轉(zhuǎn)化為NFT作品供公眾觀賞,，可能侵犯了復(fù)制權(quán)和信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)傳播權(quán),。

Liu Hua highlighted WIPO’s role in facilitating discussions about the application of AI, data, and cutting-edge technologies in intellectual property management. Notably, she referred to the seventh WIPO Conversation on IP and Frontier Technologies held in 2022, which focused on the challenges and potential of the metaverse. This event garnered significant participation from various countries. The conference showcased instances of the metaverse’s application in diplomatic contexts; for instance, Barbados used blockchain technology to acquire virtual land in the metaverse, establishing virtual embassies and consulates and offering services like “e-visas.” Similarly, Africa initiated the “Drops of Life” project, a charitable endeavor that utilized the issuance of water drop NFTs to raise funds for clean water sources. The conference also held that uploading works onto digital trading platforms and transforming them into NFT works for public viewing might infringe upon the right to reproduction and the right of information network dissemination.

圖：CAVCA | Photo: CAVCA

在發(fā)言中，音像協(xié)會(huì)副理事長兼總干事周亞平先生深入分析了人工智能對(duì)音樂創(chuàng)作,、傳播和版權(quán)保護(hù)的影響,。他強(qiáng)調(diào)，人工智能的應(yīng)用潛力在音樂創(chuàng)作,、傳播和版權(quán)動(dòng)態(tài)方面帶來了重大變革,。他呼吁制定新的音樂版權(quán)保護(hù)和管理規(guī)則與制度，以填補(bǔ)AI時(shí)代現(xiàn)行法規(guī)的不足之處,。

During his address, Mr. Zhou Yaping, Vice Chairman and Director General of CAVCA, provided an in-depth analysis of AI’s impact on music creation, distribution, and copyright protection. He emphasized that the application of AI has the potential to bring about significant changes in music composition, distribution, and copyright dynamics. He called for the formulation of new rules and regulations on music copyright protection and management to address gaps in current regulations within the AI era.

圖：CAVCA | Photo: CAVCA

來自華東政法大學(xué)的王遷教授深入探討了人工智能與音樂產(chǎn)業(yè)法律問題,。他討論了在著作權(quán)法下何為作品，以及如何判斷由AI生成的音樂是否應(yīng)受到版權(quán)保護(hù),。王遷教授還分析了關(guān)于AI是否應(yīng)被視為創(chuàng)造性主體還是創(chuàng)造性工具的持續(xù)爭(zhēng)論,。他進(jìn)一步介紹了當(dāng)前的法律規(guī)定和案例法。例如,，在Midjourney生成的漫畫書“黎明的扎里亞”作品登記案中,，美國版權(quán)局認(rèn)為由AI生成的圖形不符合版權(quán)保護(hù)條件。在音樂領(lǐng)域,，“AI歌手”根據(jù)現(xiàn)行法律不被視為表演者,，但使用通過AI生成的音樂仍可能侵犯他人音樂作品的著作權(quán)。關(guān)于將音樂用于訓(xùn)練AI的問題,，王遷教授建議,，是否屬于合理使用范疇?wèi)?yīng)取決于使用是否僅用于訓(xùn)練，還是以傳播等方式利用了AI生成的與在先作品實(shí)質(zhì)性相似的內(nèi)容,。

Professor Wang Qian from the East China University of Political Science and Law delved into the legal considerations surrounding AI and the music industry. He discussed what constitutes a work under copyright law and how it pertains to determining whether AI-generated music deserves copyright protection. Professor Wang also analyzed the ongoing debate regarding whether AI should be seen as a creative subject or a creative tool. He further provided insights into current legal provisions and case law. For instance, in the case of copyright registration of Zarya of the Dawn, a comic book generated by Midjourney, the US Copyright Office deemed the AI-generated graphics ineligible for copyright protection. In the realm of music, “AI singers” are not recognized as performers under current law, yet creating music through AI could still infringe upon the musical compositions of others. Regarding the use of music for training AI, Professor Wang suggested that whether such use falls under fair use should be determined by whether it’s solely for training purposes, or whether it utilizes AI-generated content that is substantially similar to previous works in a way such as dissemination.

圖：CAVCA | Photo: CAVCA

其他發(fā)言嘉賓,，包括首都版權(quán)協(xié)會(huì)秘書長馮華女士、闊景音樂集團(tuán)首席執(zhí)行官劉鑫先生和訊飛音樂高級(jí)合伙人胡浩先生,，討論了解決版權(quán)爭(zhēng)議的實(shí)際途徑,、AI在音樂創(chuàng)作中的作用，以及解決與AI相關(guān)挑戰(zhàn)的創(chuàng)新法律方法。

Contributors such as Ms. Feng Hua, Secretary-General of the Capital Copyright Society, Mr. Liu Xin, CEO of Grand Vista Music Group, and Mr. Hu Hao, Senior Partner of iFlytek Music, discussed strategies for resolving copyright disputes, the role of AI in music creation, and innovative legal approaches to tackle AI-related challenges.

這次研討會(huì)采用線上線下相結(jié)合的方式,，吸引了來自音像協(xié)會(huì)百余家會(huì)員單位以及行業(yè)領(lǐng)袖的代表,。通過WIPO中國辦事處與音像協(xié)會(huì)的合作，研討會(huì)旨在促進(jìn)討論,、彌合知識(shí)鴻溝,，并激發(fā)在人工智能時(shí)代變革中創(chuàng)新音樂版權(quán)保護(hù)與管理的解決方案。

The seminar, featuring a hybrid format combining both online and offline participation, attracted representatives from over a hundred member units of CAVCA, as well as prominent leaders in the industry. Through the collaborative efforts of the WIPO Office in China and CAVCA, the seminar aimed to facilitate discussions, bridge knowledge gaps, and inspire innovative solutions for music copyright protection and management in the transformative era of artificial intelligence.